Das Leksheyling-Schulprojekt in Kathmandu, Nepal (2011-2015)
1990 wurde die Karma Leksheyling-Shedra in Kathmandu gegründet. Ziel ist, Kindern (anfangs nur Jungen) aus buddhistischen Familien im Himalaja eine qualitativ gute Bildung in Verbindung mit einer klösterlichen Ausbildung zu vermitteln. Studien in buddhistischer Philosophie, Logik und Religionsgeschichte zu vermitteln. Die Vermittlung von Computerkenntnissen und Englischkurse werden ebenfalls angeboten.
Blick vom Leksheyling Kloster auf Swayambhu
Ziel des Curriculums der Shedra ist, buddhistische Mönche auszubilden, die dafür qualifiziert werden sollen, später Buddhismus zu lehren und ev. eigene Schüler zu unterrichten.
2007 kam eine Secondary School von Klasse 1 bis 8 hinzu. Es ist eine reguläre, von der nepalesischen Regierung offiziell anerkannte Schule, die mit klösterlicher Erziehung kombiniert wird. Nach Abschluss von Klasse 8 können sich die Schüler entscheiden, ob sie ihre Ausbildung im Rahmen des Klosters oder außerhalb fortsetzen möchten.
Zur Geschichte des Leksheyling Klosters, Kathmandu, siehe:
www.leksheyling.net
Das Leksheyling Kloster
Im Jahre 2011 war es mir zum ersten Mal möglich, im Unterricht der Secondary School Leksheyling zu hospitieren und Unterrichtseinheiten im Bereich Literacy zu erproben. Auf dieser Grundlage entwickelte sich von 2013- 2015 das unten näher beschrieben Projekt der Einrichtung eines „Literacy Rooms“.
Schüler der staatlich anerkannten Leksheyling Schule
Einrichtung eines Literacy–Raumes
Ziel ist, den 150 Kindern der Leksheyling-Schule (5 – 14 Jahre) die Möglichkeit zu geben, ihre Lust zum Lesen zu entwickeln, individuelle Leseinteressen für sich zu entdecken und zu entfalten und kreativ tätig zu werden. Diese didaktischen Elemente gehen bewusst und auf ausdrücklichen Wunsch der Klosterleitung über die traditionelle buddhistische Erziehung hinaus und knüpfen an der westlichen Literacy-Erziehung an.
Dies ist umso wichtiger, als es sich vielfach um Out-of-School –Children aus den Himalaja-Regionen handelt, die aus armen Familien stammen und Zuhause keinerlei diesbezügliche Anregungen erhalten haben. Das Kloster finanziert die Schulausbildung dieser Kinder (die Schule ist staatlich anerkannt) sowie Unterbringung, Verpflegung, medizinische Versorgung etc. durch Spenden und Aktivitäten der Mönche. Das Konzept der Schule ist so erfolgreich, dass dringend eine Zweigstelle gegründet werden müsste, um die wachsende Zahl der Anmeldungen zu bewältigen.
Falls sich das Projekt erfolgreich an der Klosterschule umsetzen lässt, soll es in dem größeren Projekt Family Literacy der UNESCO-Kommission Nepal als Modell eingebracht werden. Entsprechende Gespräche mit diesen Kooperationspartnern haben bereits stattgefunden.
In unserer Kooperation geht es um die Einbeziehung und Übertragung des Hamburger Ansatzes auf spezielle Bedarfe in Nepal.
Vorarbeiten zum Literacy-Raum
Bevor die Idee zur Konzeption und Gestaltung eines Literacy-Raumes konkrete Formen annahm, konnte ich mit den Kindern der Leksheyling-Schule in mehreren Unterrichtseinheiten im Bereich des kreativen Schreibens und Gestaltens sowie handlungsorientiert mit mehrsprachigen Bilderbüchern arbeiten.
Ermutigt durch die positiven Ergebnisse der hochmotivierten Schüler entstand später die Idee, für die Kinder einen Extraraum einzurichten, in dem sie im Bereich Literacy frei arbeiten können.
1. Kreatives Schreiben und Gestalten
Schreibanregung: Klebe das Stück Fell auf. Male und schreibe eine Geschichte dazu!
Junge, 11 Jahre
A poem
As much as I like the temple
Mountain I like very much.
There is a lot of birds.
A monkey clims a tree.
The monkey loves to eat fruits.
As much as I love my father.
The village with the temple is full of the best.
Besides the village there are perfect flowers.
His father´s name is Bhim.
The son´s name is Nishanta.
There is a cap on father´s head.
There is a cap on the son´s head as well.
Donjo, 11 Jahre, Klasse 3
We should not make smoke.
Smoke is harming the mind.
Then the world might be destroyed.
If the world would be destroyed we could die.
That is why we should not make smoke.
Thank you!
Unbekannt
There was a bird in a country.
That bird had three baby birds.
The father went to the city.
The baby birds were hungry.
Mother had also gone for searching food.
The three baby birds started crying.
After a little while mother came back and later everything was good.
Now I want to end my telling.
Thank you!
2. Gemeinsames Anschauen von Bilderbüchern – zunächst noch im Freien
3. Bilderbücher betrachten, dialogisches Handeln mit Fingerpuppen, Storytelling
Fertigstellung des Literacy-Rooms
Der erste - noch improvisierte - Literacy Room im Leksheyling-Schulgebäude
Auswahl von klimatisch geeignetem Material (Modellmöbel ursprünglich aus Südindien, entsprechend in Kathmandu angefertigt und variiert)
Der fertige Literacy Room in einem eigens dafür gebauten Raum mit passendem Mobiliar
Jüngere Schüler
Ältere Schüler
Der folgende, auf Englisch verfasste Text veranschaulicht die Planung und Umsetzung des Projekts.
Establishing a "Literacy Room" for the Lower Secondary School in Kathmandu
by Gabriele Rabkin & Ani Kelsang Alvermann
Objectives
The main objectives of the "Literacy Room" are to give the 150 students of the Leksheyling Lower Secondary School (ages 5-14 years) an opportunity to enjoy reading and develop their individual interests in reading as well as their creativity.
These didactive objectives are intended to go beyond a traditional monastic education as expressly requested by the head of the Leksheyling monastery. They are connected to those of a Western literacy education.
The objectives are important as Leksheyling's young students are often Out-of-School-Children coming from far-away regions in the Himalayas. They are often very poor, and hardly receive any support to read and write in their homes. The monastery gives them a free education (the school is state accredited), gives them free board and lodging, health care, etc., provided by sponsors and monastic activities. The school is so successful that a branch school will soon be required to cater for the growing number of applications.
Should this project become successful at the Leksheyling school, it is to become a model for a larger project of the UNESCO Commission, Nepal. Official talks have already taken place.
A step by step realization of the objectives (as of April 2013)
The Room
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Finding an appropriate room
The abbot of the monastery, Chöje Lama Phuntsok, allowed to use a centrally located room on the ground floor. Yet before the room (ca. 37 square meters) can be equipped to become the "Literacy Room" the leaky ceiling has to be thoroughly repaired. Meanwhile he built up a new room on one of the roof tops which we can use as a Literacy Room (same size).
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Equipping the room adequately
The room should be equipped with functional furniture to be used for many purposes. The furniture should also be able to survive the climatic conditions of this area.
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Purchasing suitable books
The core of the room is an adequate selection of suitable books. To find out what the students are interested in reading, a questionnaire was developed in March 2013 and filled out by a number of students of the age group 9 to 14 years at Leksheyling School (see attached form). The questionnaire asked the students about the content of books to be purchased, and where and how they would like to read. At the end, they could freely express themselves, in words and pictures, about their favourite reading subjects.
The questionnaires were assessed and, according to the answers, about 100 books bought at various book stores in Kathmandu. The project officers of the UNESCO Office in Kathmandu, Mr. Tap Raj Pant and Mr. Tapash Bhattaral of the project "Read", recommended the best shops for suitable children's literature.
The children's literature already existing in the monastery was critically appreciated with parts being disposed of. Adequate literature was kept and repaired.
To these first books others in Nepali and Tibetan but also in English have to be added. Fortunately, adequate children's literature in English is easily and relatively cheaply available in Kathmandu.
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Purchasing of materials for creative work
A complete activity-based concept of literacy also includes creative writing and designing - beyond the range of a single subject area. This can be achieved by having various materials available which motivate to design creatively like different kinds of paper, pencils, etc. The school already has games for English lessons, as well as board and card games which are all to be integrated into the literacy room.
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Furniture
Library in India, Marie-Therese Schins -
Inventory and catalogue
The books purchased so far are, without exception, in English. They have been filed. The books in Nepali and Tibetan are similarly filed by the teachers (there is a problem with different Asian characters).
Each book has been stamped several times:
"Belonging to the Literacy Room of Leksheyling Monastery School“.
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Sustainability
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Creation of a continuously shadowing Literacy Room Committee
A committee has been created supporting the realization of the Literacy Room and its didactic concept.
Committee member (from left to right): Chöje Lama Phuntsok, Dr. Gabriele Rabkin, Khenpo Namgyal, Ani Kelsang Alvermann, Khenpo Lodhen. -
Teacher Training: Introducing teachers to the use and didactic concept of the Literacy Room
The teachers are to get to know the didactic concept of the Literacy Room via teacher training. It is to be developed together with them and adapted to their needs in the classroom.
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A common and continuous user concept is to be developed
Classes and small groups will use the Literacy Room during lessons. There will be special opening hours for individual use with a teacher present at all times.
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Setting up a list of rules for teachers and students how to properly use the Literacy Room
A small list of general rules for teachers and students will be set up.
(Attached is an example from Hamburg "Rules of use of the Reading City for students and teachers)
Integration into the concept of intergenerational and life-long learning
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A further step: Integrating Tibetan women attending literacy courses at the monastery
The idea of intergenerational learning could be integrated, too, as other learner groups could also work in the Room together with the young students. An example could be a group of Tibetan women learning at no cost and regularly Tibetan (literacy course) who, in turn, would support the younger kids with their personal hygiene and laundry. This could be even further developed with the Literacy Room becoming a meeting place where the women could playfully learn together with the young students.
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The Literacy Room should also become accessible to other literacy projects
In the long run, the concept of a "Literacy Room" - especially regarding the last point - could become integrated into the pilot project "Family Literacy in Nepal" of the UNESCO Kathmandu Office Nepal. The pilot project could profit from the monastic experiences making them accessible to other places of the pilot project. In turn, experiences within the pilot project could be adapted to the conditions prevalent in the monastery.
First Meeting with Tap Raj Pant, UNESCO Office Kathmandu, at Leksheyling in March 2013
Timeline
- Building up a new Literacy Room on one of the monasteries rooftops
- Purchasing of literacy material with continuous additions(mainly in English and Nepali)
- Setting up a filing system
- Purchasing of furniture (cabinets, chairs and tables)
- Setting up a budget by the committee for the "Literacy Room"
- Finalising the concept regarding content and organisation (English/German)
- Teacher trainings seminars for the teaching staff of the Leksheyling School (monks and Nepali teachers)
- Sub concept: The Literacy Room as an integrative part of the lessons at the Leksheyling School
- Fundraising, PR
- Cooperation with the organisation Read Nepal
- Integration into the UNESCO project "Family Literacy in Nepal"
- Integration into the Aladin network of the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning, Hamburg
Costs for building up the new Literacy Room up to present (2013)
(Invested by the monastery)
Literacy materials (up to now around 200 books in English and Nepali) | 200€ |
Furniture | |
3 cabinets | 270€ |
5 tables | 275€ |
25 chairs | 115€ |
Furniture total: | 860€ |
An amount of 1000€ was invested out of the UNESCO Literacy Prize 2010, Family Literacy, Hamburg. 150 Euros were sponsored by Ani Kelsang. The plan is to buy more books, materials and a photo-copy-machine.
Translation of the text (German/English): Wolfgang Hirsch, Munich
Literacy Room: Time Schedule (JPG)
Literacy Room Rules (PDF)
Literacy Room: English Books (Catalogue) (PDF)